The most important causes are listed individually. There are three major groups of purpura.
Platelet constitutional
Glanzmann. Also called hereditary thrombasthenia, this purpura causes bleeding of hereditary transmitted as an autosomal recessive trait (it is necessary that the father and mother have the chromosomal abnormality that the child has the disease).
Syndrome Bernard-Soulier. This variety of purpura is usually well tolerated and congenital family is characterized by an autosomal recessive (it is necessary that the father and the mother has the abnormal chromosome through non-sex chromosome that the child has disease. It is characterized by bleeding located at the skin and mucous layer (cells lining the hollow organs in contact with air), and a particular aspect of blood platelets.
Naegeli syndrome.
Von Willebrand disease.
Deficiency of CYLO-oxygenase.
Platelet acquired
They are found in the following conditions:
Cirrhosis (hardening and degeneration of the liver
Uremia (presence of urea in the blood in abnormal amount)
Multiple myeloma (abnormal growth, with unknown origin of plasma cells (a variety of white blood cells) in bone marrow)
Macroglobulinemia of Waldenstrom (abnormal proliferation of stem cells; white-blood cells play an important role in the immune process, that is to say in defense of the body ) resulting in an excess of immunoglobulin M (anticoprs type specific).
Myeloproliferative syndrome (a condition characterized by a proliferation of blood cells from bone marrow).
Taking medications (antiplatelet, anti-inflammatory drugs not containing cortisone or its derivatives).
Purpura with coagulation disorders and thrombocytopenia.
Thrombopenies constitutional (lower platelets from birth)
Idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura Werlhof.
Thrombocytopenic purpura Moschcowitz.
Wiskott-Aldrich (involving purpura, eczema and immune deficiency).
May-Hegglin anomaly.
Kasabach-Merritt (decrease in platelets, cavernous hemangioma). Syndrome Kasabach-Merritt is very rare, described in the newborn infant or in angioma (vascular malformation consisting of an agglomeration of limited blood or lymphatic vessels) associated with often fatal bleeding. These hemorrhages are the result of a coagulopathy (blood clotting problem) with a sharp drop in platelets and fibrinolysis (normal physiological phenomenon in humans, consisting in the destruction of a blood clot that can impede blood flow) that develops in the angioma. This phenomenon should not intervene too quickly, otherwise it causes dramatic bleeding.
Amegakaryocytopenic congenital.
Thrombopenies acquired
Global or dissociated bone marrow
Poisoning
Radiation
Hematological malignancies (blood cancer)
Hypersplenism (spleen disease)
Disseminated intravascular coagulation
Allergic thrombocytopenia (reduced platelet response to a drug: quinine, quinidine, digoxin, heparin)
Viral infections
Infectious mononucleosis
Cytomegalovirus
Lupus erythematosus
Excessive bleeding treated with massive transfusions
